A Silent Killer in the Air

A Silent Killer in the Air

A Silent Killer in the Air

A Silent Killer in the Air

Do you know that indoor air pollution is among the world’s top five environmental health risks?

Estimates from the World Health Organization (WHO) and others suggest that between 30 and 150 times more people are killed due to indoor air pollution than global warming.

Premature death due to household air pollution

Percentage of premature deaths by pneumonia among children under 5 caused by house air pollution.

Annual premature deaths from non-communicable diseases

According to WHO:

  • Over 4 million people die prematurely from illness attributable to the household air pollution from cooking with solid fuels
  • More than 50% of premature deaths due to pneumonia among children under 5 are caused by the particulate matter inhaled from household air pollution.
  • 3.8 million premature deaths annually from non-communicable diseases including stroke, ischaemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are attributed to exposure to household air pollution.

In its March 2014 report, WHO estimated that about 7 million people worldwide died as a result of air pollution exposure in 2012 alone. South-East Asia and the Western Pacific areas are the regions in which health is most affected by air pollution, with approximately 3.3 million deaths linked to indoor air pollution and 2.6 million to outdoor air pollution – scarily more deaths from polluted air indoors than outdoors!

It may come to a surprise to you that the concentrations of many pollutants indoors exceed those outdoors. Studies by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) found levels of about a dozen common organic pollutants to be 2 to 5 times higher inside homes than outside, regardless of whether the homes were located in rural or highly industrial areas.

Concentrations of many contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are also consistently higher indoors than outdoors. An EPA study covering six communities in various parts of the US found indoor VOC levels up to 10 times higher than those outdoors, even in locations with significant outdoor air pollution sources, such as petrochemical plants.

Where does all the air pollution come from?

Pollutants that can affect air quality in a home fall into the two broad categories:

  • Particulate matter includes dust, smoke, pollen, animal dander (skin flakes from an animal’s hair or fur), tobacco smoke, particles generated from combustion appliances such as cooking stoves, and particles associated with microorganisms such as dust mites, moulds, bacteria, and viruses.
  • Gaseous pollutants come from combustion processes. Sources include gas cooking stoves, vehicle exhaust, and tobacco smoke. They also come from building materials, furnishings, and the use of products such as adhesives, paints, varnishes, cleaning products, and pesticides.

Ironically, the seemingly cleanest homes or offices may actually have the worst air quality due to the fastidious use of cleaning products and air fresheners that release harmful VOCs. Synthetic fragrances are the biggest culprits.

Various sources of harmful particulate matter

Research by a team from the University of Washington on 25 common fragranced consumer products —laundry products, personal care products, cleaning supplies and air fresheners, many of them top sellers in their categories— found 133 different VOCs emitted from the products, with an average of 17 VOCs per product. Of these 133 VOCs, 24 are classified as toxic or hazardous under US federal laws, and each product emitted at least one of these compounds. Among them are probable carcinogens (cancer causing) acetaldehydea, formaldehyde and methylene chloride.

Biological air pollutants are found to some degree in every home, school, and workplace. Sources include outdoor air; and human occupants who shed viruses and bacteria (e.g. influenza, measles, chicken pox); pets, dust mites and other pests (e.g. cockroaches) that shed allergens; toxins released by moulds and mildews; as well as indoor surfaces and water reservoirs where fungi and bacteria can grow.

Building dampness were determined to be associated with 30% to 50% increases in a variety of respiratory and asthma-related health outcomes. In Malaysia, where the average relative humidity is way above 80%, we have to take extra precautions to prevent these biological contaminants from spreading.

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), also known as secondhand smoke, is another major source of indoor air pollution.

WHO estimates that tobacco kills around 6 million people each year — more than 5 million due to direct tobacco use and more than 600,000 are the result of non-smokers being exposed to ETS. ETS a dynamic complex mixture of more than 7,000 chemicals found in both vapour and particle phases, more than 70 of which are known to cause cancer in humans or animals, and many of which are strong irritants.

Despite the ban on indoor smoking in public places, we still see smoking in some worksites, many restaurants and other “hangout” places such as pubs and karaoke joints. Alas, you can ban smoking in your home and still be exposed to ETS. According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there is no risk-free level of ETS exposure; even brief exposure can be harmful to health.

Just because the room seems well ventilated with hardly any smoky smell does not mean ETS is not silently killing you anyway. Research has led to the conclusion that total removal of ETS through general ventilation is not feasible.

In fact, one should not rely on odour to determine what is good or safe. Some things that smell, like vinegar, are harmless. Some odourless things—like radon and carbon monoxide— are very harmful. Sometimes, chemicals can cause you to feel sick before you notice any odour. Some people also experience “olfactory fatigue,” which is a deadening of the sense of smell. This can happen soon after the first odour sensation occurs, especially if it is a very strong odour.

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Gout Attack! Western Medicine or Chinese Remedy?

Gout Attack! Western Medicine or Chinese Remedy?

GOUT ATTACK!
Western Medicine or Chinese Remedy?

Many people would be at a loss when the fearsome gout strikes them. Many would be puzzled over what to do next as the sheer physical and mental pain rages on. From folk remedy to traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine and self-medication, the alternatives are yours to choose but how to start with the best perceived remedy?

Ancient Egyptian Medicine

Gout is an ‘ancient’ disease and history shows that gout has been plaguing human beings since ancient Egyptian era some 7,000 years ago. Archaeological studies found that mummies excavated from the Egyptian pyramids contained urate crystals in their joints. The historical accounts by famous Greek physician, Hippocrates, one of the most notable medical figures in history, also stated the existence of gout.

For a few thousand years, many types of gout therapy have been practised throughout humankind history. They include heat therapy, cold therapy, herbal therapy and the application of pharmaceutical drugs. Renowned doctor of the Tang Dynasty, Chen Cangqi, introduced the ‘tea’ therapy, claiming that tea was the medicine for all diseases. He backed his claim by citing that tea not only could treat gout, but also boost the immune system and promote anti-aging for longevity.

In ancient times, people’s understanding of gout was virtually nil due to the lack of medical knowledge, not to mention treatment practices and medication. Therefore, when gout struck, they would resort to seeking divine help, hoping for a miracle. Psychologically, this might appear to be a little bit helpful but the actual problem was never solved.

Later, with the advancement of civilization, both Western and Chinese medical fields managed to develop some sorts of drugs to alleviate gout suffering. Furthermore, more and more non-medically substantiated folk remedies surfaced.

Folk Remedy

Folk remedy for gout may come in many forms, including coconut water, which was hailed as a savior for gout sufferers.

The ‘coconut’ remedy requires consumption of fresh coconut water from one to three coconuts each day, with intervals of one to two hours for two to three months consecutively. It is believed that such ‘coconut’ remedy could get rid of the gout symptoms ultimately.

If fresh coconuts are not available, peeled or canned coconut water is also acceptable. However, for best results, fresh coconut water is the first choice.

Moreover, cherries are also known as the savior of gout sufferers. This is because cherries contain natural anti-inflammatory properties, and it also can help reduce uric acid. Traditionally, ‘cherry’ remedy requires a consumption of 30 to 40 cherries once every 4 hours to produce the desired effects i.e to reduce uric acid levels.

In addition to fruits, folk remedy generally includes the clever use of herbs. Chinese plantain (scientifically known as Plantago asiatica) is one of those magical herbs used as a natural diuretic to discharge toxins and break down bodily stones. The preparation is simple. Just boil it and drink it, like a cup of tea. This herbal plant is believed to be able to cure certain illnesses and prevent their recurrence while promoting weight reduction for a healthy body mass index.

Apart from fruits and herbs, there is another intriguing folk remedy that involves soaking the feet in a tub of warm water infused with freshly chunked chillies. The preparation involves the heating of chilli chunks in a pot until it reaches certain ‘warm’ temperatures. Pour the chilli-infused heated water into a tub and soak your feet in it for about 40 to 60 minutes to relieve gout pain.

Undoubtedly, there are many strange folk remedies to experiment. Just no one knows for sure how effective they can be in the fight against gout. Some of them are not medically supported or affirmed. Under such circumstances, shall gout sufferers take the chances?

Traditional Chinese Medicine

Over time, medical advances have pushed our understanding of gout to a whole new level with better medical concepts. More and more medical research with a wider scope keeps surfacing for the good of gout sufferers.

In the theory of Chinese medicine, medicine heals the body from illness. When one is sick, medicine helps boost his or her immune system to overcome the illness. Medicine can also be used to inhibit the growth of bad things in our body. We feel comfortable as we heal during the treatment process.

Gout is also traditionally known as the Arthralgia syndrome (Bi Zheng), White Tiger disease (Bai Hu Bing) or acute arthritis (Li Jie Feng). It is caused by a disorder of purine metabolism that leads to the disease. Joint pain associated with gout usually begins in metatarsophalangeal joints, followed by other joints around the feet, ankles, hands, wrists, knees and elbows. Other complications may include hypertension and renal colic (a type of pain caused by kidney stones), followed by renal failure and heart failure at a later stage. If this is left untreated and once it gets really serious, it will likely result in death.

Chinese medicine looks at gout from two different perspectives – it’s either externally or internally inflicted. The external factors include the invasion of the wind, cold, wet and hot elements that obstruct the normal functionality of the meridian system. On the other hand, the internal factors derive from the lack of vital ‘chi’ (Zheng Qi) or fatigue.

For gout treatment, the practice of Chinese medicine adopts a variety of herbs such as licorice, husked round-grained non-glutinous uncooked rice or japonica rice, cinnamon sticks, Chinese pearl barley (coixseed), Stephania tetrandra, Phellodendron amurense (bark extracted from the Amur cork tree), Achyranthes bidentata (Ox Knee or Niu Xi), ginseng, Atractylodes macrocephala (Bai Zhu), Wolfiporia extensa (poria/ China Root/ Fu Ling), and dried tangerine/ orange peels. The preparation involves boiling prior to being served as herbal drink. The application varies according to symptoms being addressed with the purposes of dispersing the heat or purging the harmful or excessive wet elements in the body, relieving numbness and pain, easing blood stagnation and invigorating the meridian system, nourishing the liver and kidneys, expelling the harmful wind and cold, to relieve gouty pain.

Western medicine

The practice of Western medicine is primarily based on the synthetic drugs to reduce inflammation and lower the blood uric acid levels, which will generally burden our internal organs with harmful side effects. For those suffering from gout of the late stage where stubborn tophi have formed, a removal operation is usually recommended and this invites certain risks as well.

Western medication for gout is divided into four categories, including medication for acute and chronic gout. Drugs for the treatment of acute gout are specifically designed to rapidly reduce joint pain to normalize joint mobility and functionality. This category of drugs consists of Colchicine (a medication commonly used to treat and prevent gout attacks), and Non-Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) and painkillers.

For chronic gout medication, it’s generally aimed at preventing gout attacks, which is categorized into two types of medicine. Both of them, nevertheless, help excrete harmful uric acid and regulate renal function. The common drugs are Probenecid and Allopurinol.

Western medication helps relieve pain for acute gout sufferers and prevent the recurrence of arthritis, damage caused by high uric acid levels and development of kidney stones, and other uncomfortable symptoms.

Natural Gnaphalium (Cudweed Flower) as painkiller and uric acid reducer

SORNADO Tea Bag treatment for gout without burdening the body

The present medical studies suggest that gout cannot be cured completely, but it can be better managed through the right medications that control the uric acid levels to prevent joint inflammation. In other words, it’s a long-term process that keeps gout under control.

However, is western medication the best solution to gout treatment? How about the burden of such long-term medications to the body?

For gout victims, the medication must not create too much burden to the body while hoping for the best results. Therefore, one of the biggest concerns is the safety of those drug ingredients.

According to the “Bencao Shiyi” (Chinese Herbal Materia Medica) and “Tianbao Bencao” (Herbs of Nature’s Best) Chinese herbology literature, cudweed flower thrives on low-altitude dry or wet land and has long been known or its efficacy, historically. Cudweed flower is sweet and non-toxic. It contains pain-relieving and detoxification properties and helps restore renal function to ease joint swelling and pain.

Clinical studies conducted by the pharmacologists of DALTON, SORNADO Tea Bag’s manufacturer in Australia, show that drinking hot (cudweed flower) herbal drink would significantly help in uric acid reduction and joint pain relief. The manufacturer had even conducted a careful comparison between its very own Australian cudweed flower and others from other parts of the world. And it was concluded that the Australian cudweed flower of SORNADO Tea Bag contains richer anti-gout key ingredients to take on stubborn tophi (by breaking down and dissolving them) more convincingly. The 100% natural formula of SORNADO Tea Bag is a result of years of extensive studies that packs the natural goodness of Australia into the convenient tea-bag packaging for ease of preparation and consumption.

The 100% natural herbal and non-pharmaceutical formula of SORNADO Tea Bag packs a number of positive effects such as balancing uric acid levels, relieving pain, detoxification, repairing spleen and kidneys, promoting haematopoiesis and strengthening immune system. SORNADO Tea Bag is officially accorded with the Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) certification by the Department of Health, Australia for its efficacy in normalizing uric acid levels (Certification Number: AUST L203504).

The efficacy of SORNADO Tea Bag is derived primarily from remedying the root cause of purine metabolism disorder by controlling the production of uric acid while at the same time stimulating the decomposition of urates and discharge of uric acid. Overall. It helps restore uric acid to the normal levels to prevent acute gout attacks to fundamentally ease the pain.

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It's proven that SORNADO Tea Bag is able to keep the gout recurrence rate down to below 40%

According to the 2006 Tangdu Hospital Clinical Report by the Fourth Military Medical University, the uric acid reducing efficacy of SORNADO Tea Bag is 17.7 times higher than that of colchicine, as the findings of the year-long study reveal. The clinical trial had also proved that SORNADO Tea Bag is able to keep the gout recurrence rate down to below 40% and more significantly, it does not cause any side effects!

SORNADO Tea Bag is ideal for people with high uric acid levels and gout sufferers. It is also suitable for daily consumption by people who are concerned about their uric acid levels and daily health maintenance. Be it for treatment or healthcare, SORNADO Tea Bag is always one of your best companions!

The old cliché “prevention is the best cure” remains a golden piece of advice after all. You may not be troubled by gout for now, but your big appetite for a high-purine diet plus unhealthy lifestyle are the two risk factors that invite a gout attack. Put your health above everything else. Go for regular medical check-ups to make sure your uric acid levels are normal. More importantly, keep fit by exercising regularly to keep gout at bay.

Don’t get overwhelmed by gout. The choice is yours!

Health Tips

  • The main culprit behind hyperuricemia is the presence of high blood uric acid levels.
  • For adult male, uric acid levels exceeding 7.0 mg/ dL (milligrams per decilitre) means hyperuricemia.
  • For adult female (before menopause), the normal uric acid levels are below 6.0 mg/ dL.
Gout and uric acid blood analysis
Serum Uric Acid (SUA) levels (mg/ dL) Probability of first gout incident Probability of gout recurrence
< 6 0.5 0.8
6 -6.9 0.6 0.9
7 - 7.9 2.0 4.1
8 - 8.9 4.1 8.4
9 - 9.9 9.8 43.2
> 10 30.5 70.2

Doctor's advice

Reducing uric acid is key to gout treatment

  • Embrace a healthy diet and avoid organ meats.
  • Drink plenty of water every day.
  • Limit alcohol and fat intake.
  • Maintain a healthy weight.

Self Test

Do you belong to the high-risk group of hyperuricemia?

Enquiry

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Getting to know PM2.5

Getting to know PM2.5

Getting to know PM2.5

What is PM?

PM is short for “particulate matter”. It refers to particles found in the air, including dust, dirt, soot, smoke, and liquid droplets. Particles can be suspended in the air for long periods of time. Many man-made and natural sources emit PM directly or emit other pollutants that react in the atmosphere to form PM. These solid and liquid particles come in a wide range of sizes. Some particles are large or dark enough to be seen – like soot or smoke. Others are so small that individually, they can only be detected with an electron microscope.

What is the difference between PM2.5 and PM10?

PM is usually measured in two size ranges: PM10 and PM2.5.
PM10 refers to particles with diameters that are less than or equal to 10 microns in size (a micron, or micrometer, is one-millionth of a meter), or about 1/7 the diameter of a human hair.

PM2.5, also called “fine particulates,” consists of particles with diameters that are less than or equal to 2.5 microns in size. That’s about 1/30 the diameter of a human hair. PM2.5 is a more serious health concern than PM10, since smaller particles can travel more deeply into our lungs and affect your health.

Where does PM2.5 come from?

Fine particles are produced from all types of combustion, including motor vehicles, power plants, residential wood burning, forest fires, agricultural burning, volcanic eruptions, dust storms and some industrial processes. Some are emitted directly into the air, while others are formed when gases and particles interact with one another in the atmosphere.

Why is it so dangerous?

The health effects of PM10 and PM2.5 are well documented. Over-exposure to PM increases the risk of heart and lung illnesses and can reduce an individual’s lifespan. Alarmingly, there is no evidence of a safe level of exposure or a threshold below which no adverse health effects occur.

Numerous studies have linked long-term particle pollution, especially PM2.5, with significant health problems including:

  • Increased respiratory symptoms, e.g. irritation of the airways, coughing or difficulty breathing
  • Decreased lung function
  • Aggravated asthma
  • Development of chronic respiratory disease in children
  • Development of chronic bronchitis or chronic obstructive lung disease
  • Irregular heartbeat
  • Nonfatal heart attacks

Premature death in people with heart or lung disease, including death from lung cancer Short-term exposure to particles (hours or days) can:

  • Aggravate lung disease causing asthma attacks and acute bronchitis
  • Increase susceptibility to respiratory infections
  • Cause heart attacks and arrhythmias in people with heart disease

Even if you are healthy, you may experience temporary symptoms, such as:

  • Irritation of the eyes, nose and throat
  • Coughing
  • Chest tightness
  • Shortness of breath

How can I find out about PM2.5 level in my community?

Unfortunately, unlike neighbouring Singapore and even Indonesia, Malaysia does not publish any PM2.5 data.

While the Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia releases its Air Pollutant Index (API) readings taken at 52 stations hourly, the air pollutants measured do not include PM2.5. The five pollutants currently measured are ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and PM10. The pollutant with the highest concentration is then taken as the API reading and this is usually PM10.

The DOE in its website said it is in the midst of finalising the new Malaysian Air Quality Guidelines to include the standard limit of PM2.5 in the ambient air based on World Health Organisation’s (WHO) 2006 guidelines. “Subsequently, we will need to come up with a PM2.5 Air Quality Index System and data integration with the existing system in our Environmental Data Centre (EDC) prior to including it in our API calculation.” Adoption is likely to happen by end-2016.

How does our API readings compare with, say Singapore?

Singapore uses the PSI (Pollutant Standards Index) which measures what Malaysia’s API does, plus PM2.5. Both Malaysia’s API and Singapore’s PSI are standards developed for measuring pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and have similar categories — a reading of 0-50 is considered ‘good’, 51- 100 ‘moderate’, 101-200 ‘unhealthy’, 201-300 ‘very unhealthy’. A reading above 300 is ‘hazardous’. But a straightforward comparison between them will be like comparing apples to oranges.

Reading for API
0 – 50 Good
51 – 100 Moderate
101 – 200 Unhealthy
201 – 300 Very Unhealthy
Above 300 hazardous

As Malaysia does not measure PM2.5, its API shows substantially lower readings. This creates a more positive but ultimately illusory picture of the state of our nation’s air quality.

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Be Aware of Indoor Air

What can I do to reduce exposure to PM2.5 when the haze is bad?

  • Stay indoors in a room or building with filtered air. PM can get indoors, so consider getting an effective air purifier. Air cleaners that remove particles include high-efficiency mechanical filters and electronic air cleaners, such as electrostatic precipitators
  • Keep your activity levels low. Avoid activities that make you breathe faster or more deeply to reduce the amount of particle pollution you inhale into your lungs.
  • Don’t add to the air pollution. Avoid using anything that burns, e.g. cigarettes, candles, incense.
  • Keep the indoor environment clean but don’t vacuum unless your vacuum cleaner has high-efficiency particulate arrestance (HEPA) filters. Otherwise, you will just stir up the particles already inside your home. Wet mopping can help reduce dust.
  • Don’t rely on dust masks for protection. Paper “comfort” or “dust” masks are designed to trap large particles, such as sawdust. These masks will not protect your lungs from small particles such as PM2.5. Scarves or bandanas won’t help either. Disposable respirators known as N-95 or P-100 respirators will help if you have to be outdoors for a period of time. It’s important that you wear the respirator correctly, however.

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No one is man enough to take on gout!

No one is man enough to take on gout!

No one is man enough to take on gout!

Troubled by joint swelling and joint pain?

If so, you are most probably developing the gout syndrome. The number of gout sufferers is steadily on the rise especially among the middle aged men. The regions prone to gout attacks are usually concentrated on the lower limb joints (especially the big toes and knees) with symptoms like swelling, redness, heat and of course pain. What tortures gout sufferers most is the chronic and recurrent intense pain around the affected regions.

Gouty arthritis is also known as metabolic arthritis. The name suggests that when the metabolic function is weak, excess uric acid cannot be eliminated normally or efficiently, leading to harmful waste build-up in the joints. Over time, this harmful uric acid crystallizes and forms crystal deposits (uric acid crystals) in the joints, which causes a gout flare-up. What is really worrying is that this disease tends to occur in the middle-aged men. When it first flares up, the pain may not last long, usually within a few days. The pain is likened to a wind-blow that comes and goes quickly. But, just when you thought it went all right, this is only the beginning of the nightmare.

When purine metabolism disorder happens, it makes uric acid excreted improperly, this leads to high levels of uric acid in the body. As mentioned earlier, the build-up of uric acid will eventually form crystal deposits in the affected regions (especially the big toes and joints), which causes gout. Under normal circumstances, two-thirds of the uric acid is excreted by the kidneys while remaining one-third is discharged through bowel movement. Uric acid is generated and excreted, in and out of the body, in an ongoing manner. As such, uric acid maintains a certain concentration in the blood in any situation.

With the presence of high levels of uric acid in the blood, it results in the formation of monosodium urate crystals in the joints, soft tissues, cartilage and kidneys. Such harmful deposits will then lead to tissue inflammation and hence opening up the doors to gout attacks. If you don’t treat it completely at this stage, things will be getting worse with joint swelling, deformity, stiffness and nodules. By then, the gout-inflicted complications might include kidney stones, renal failure, coronary heart disease, high cholesterol, hypertension, urinary tract stones and other types of organ dysfunction. It can be life threatening in serious cases.

The four stages of gout

1.

Asymptomatic gout

Gout can progress through four stages with the presence of high uric acid levels constituting the first stage (asymptomatic gout). At this stage, apart from developing high levels of uric acid, there are no clinical symptoms of gout, hence making the initial sufferers ignorant about its lurking risk factors.

2.

Acute gout

The second stage refers to the early gout stage (acute gout). At this stage, joint pain begins to surface. Aggravated by the uncontrolled high uric acid levels at the first stage, uric acid will just keep building up and this results in acute inflammatory gouty arthritis. It usually starts in the big toes with symptoms like joint swelling, redness, warmth and tenderness. The affected big toes appear to be very tender and inviting terrible pain when they come into contact with anything. The piercing knife-like pain is the major culprit of the many sleepless nights. The pain would usually go away between a few days and a few weeks.

3.

Interval or inter-critical gout

The third stage is called the interval or inter-critical gout. The gout attack is now striking beyond the first problematic big toe. Gradually, it is hitting the other toes, fingers, wrists, ankles and knees. Soon, the soft tissues and bones of the affected joints will suffer varying degrees of damage and dysfunction. Uric acid crystals keep building up, which will lead to the formation of gouty stones. At this point, the normal renal function or performance begins to deteriorate.

4.

Chronic tophaceous gout

The fourth stage is the late stage of gout (chronic tophaceous gout). At this stage, expect worsening joint deformity and dysfunction as the build-up of uric acid crystals rises continuously to expand the affected areas. Then come the nodules of uric acid (known as tophi) in the soft tissues around the affected joints. Given the fact that the permanent joint deformity will badly affect the daily life of the sufferers, this brings about great physical and mental suffering as well. As more and more monosodium urate crystals trapped in the kidneys, this will accelerate the formation of kidney stones. The clinical characteristics or symptoms that follow include swelling, oliguria (the production of abnormally small amounts of urine), proteinuria (the presence of abnormal quantities of protein in the urine), nocturia (the need to get up during the night to urinate), hypertension and anemia. At this point, the normal renal function has been compromised and begins to deteriorate, leading to renal failure and other life-threatening complications.

Celebrities Tormented by Gout

Renowned Hong Kong entertainer Eric Tsang was recently exposed by the media to have been in a state of immobilisation, relying on a wheelchair to get around.

It was later confirmed that he was paying the price for excessive consumption of alcohol. Eric Tsang was suffering from severe gout attacks that immobilised him.

His good friend, Alan Tam, revealed that the seriousness of such disease had even deterred Eric Tsang from taking care of himself personally.

Paul, the renowned lifestyle guru from Taiwan, was first struck by gout ten years ago. Recalling his ordeal, he said that the presence of gouty stones (uric acid crystals) in his thumbs was among the most miserable experiences he ever had. Paul had even compiled his stories, sharing a series of his fights against gout with the netizens so that they could learn a lesson from his ignorance – never getting yourself entangled in gout attacks!

Paul shared that the worst happened some two years ago since he first had gout. The excruciating pain lasted for one whole month, forcing him to confine himself at home. The pain had even forced him to crawl up the toilet. And once he finally managed to sit on the toilet, the pain didn’t seem to go away at all. He had to sit on the toilet for up to an hour or longer or until the movie on TV was over. It sounded unreal but the torture of gout was true beyond words.

Apart from the foreign cases, Malaysia’s very own celebrity chef, Ismail Ahmad, had also suffered from gout attacks. Being a victim of the torturous disease himself, however, inspired chef Ismail to make drastic changes to the menu of his restaurant. He decided to cut down on the portion of meat while increasing of serving of vegetables. This is to encourage his customers to fall in love with the concept of a healthy diet.

According to chef Ismail, prior to developing gout, his buffet menu was characterised by at least 70% meat-based selections. But after suffering from gout, his menu is now very health-oriented, featuring fresh vegetables as the key ingredients. He places great emphasis on low-sugar food and cuts down on rice consumption in his personal diet to prevent another round of gout attacks.

Frankly speaking, gout cases are so common around us. Unfortunately, the media report on gout is very limited and making it worse, the general public tends to ignore it simply because they have very little knowledge about it, which leads to the prevalence and incidence of gout.

Health Tips

  • The main culprit behind hyperuricemia is the presence of high blood uric acid levels.
  • For adult male, uric acid levels exceeding 7.0 mg/ dL (milligrams per decilitre) means hyperuricemia.
  • For adult female (before menopause), the normal uric acid levels are below 6.0 mg/ dL.
Gout and uric acid blood analysis
Serum Uric Acid (SUA) levels (mg/ dL) Probability of first gout incident Probability of gout recurrence
< 6 0.5 0.8
6 -6.9 0.6 0.9
7 - 7.9 2.0 4.1
8 - 8.9 4.1 8.4
9 - 9.9 9.8 43.2
> 10 30.5 70.2

Doctor's advice

Reducing uric acid is key to gout treatment

  • Embrace a healthy diet and avoid organ meats.
  • Drink plenty of water every day.
  • Limit alcohol and fat intake.
  • Maintain a healthy weight.

Self Test

Do you belong to the high-risk group of hyperuricemia?

Enquiry

Let us know if you have any questions

No haze, no problem? Think again.

No haze, no problem? Think again.

No haze, no problem? Think again.

In recent years Malaysia has been hit by bad levels of air pollution. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 80% of people living in urban areas are exposed to air quality levels which exceed WHO’s air quality health limit.

As a result of the increasing levels of impurities in outdoor air coupled by bouts of haze that Malaysia is prone to, many of us seek shelter indoors thinking that it would be safer. However, if you think the air indoors is clean, think again.

%

Urbanites living with air quality exceeding health limit

Death indoor air pollution

Death outdoor air pollution

Based on a WHO report, South East Asia and Western Pacific Regions faced the largest air pollution related issues. Whilst 2.6 million deaths were related to outdoor air pollution, 3.3 million deaths were related to indoor air pollution. Have you ever stopped to think about what it is that you’re breathing in on a daily basis at home?

WHAT’S CAUSING INDOOR POLLUTION?

Scented Candles

For most households, scented candles are perceived to be beneficial with the rising trend of scent and aroma therapy. However scented candles are made using paraffin which is a petroleum waste product. The toxins released are similar to the ones found in diesel fuel fumes.

Aerosol Sprays

Aerosol sprays, air fresheners and house cleaning products unfortunately contain harmful elements such as lead, chlorofluorocarbons, volatile organic compounds and more which cause respiratory problems.

Aerosol Sprays

Aerosol sprays, air fresheners and house cleaning products unfortunately contain harmful elements such as lead, chlorofluorocarbons, volatile organic compounds and more which cause respiratory problems.

Cooking Fumes

Can you believe that even cooking causes indoor pollution? Frying, boiling and sauteing at high temperatures can create hazardous pollutants. Even toasters, refrigerators, ovens and other household appliance are known to release ultrafine particles.

Pollens & Pet Dander

Pollen from plants at home and pets, although loved by most, may cause allergies and respiratory related problems.

Pollens & Pet Dander

Pollen from plants at home and pets, although loved by most, may cause allergies and respiratory related problems.

The air pollution inside your home can be up to five times worse than it is outside, and we spend approximately 90% of our time indoors. Toxic fumes released from cleaning solvents, deodorants and scented candles are some of the most common indoor air pollutants, a study carried out by the US Environmental Protection Agency suggests.

Other major indoor air pollutants include gases from cooking and central heating, mould, pet hair, pollen and allergens. Invisible to the naked eye, it is these ultrafine and potentially harmful particles that are able to travel easily through the air at home and can contain a mixture of the following gases and particles:

0.1 microns 1 micron 2 microns 5 microns 10 microns
Ultrafine particles Odours Industrial emissions Bacteria Pollen
Carbon dust Toxic fumes Insecticide dust Mould Allergens
Coal fuel gases Cooking oil
smoke
Liquid bacteria Cement dust Fertiliser
Tobacco smoke Asbestos Paint pigments Coal dust Spores
Radon gas Insulation
fibreglass
Antiperspirant Textile fibres

Pollutants are made up of ultrafine particles as tiny as 0.1 microns (that’s 1000 times smaller than the human hair!). Because children tend to breathe faster than the average adult this means that they’re inhaling more pollutants than we do.

Prolonged inhalation of pollutants can cause eye, nose, and throat irritation as well as skin aging, stroke, and heart attacks. This is a result of ultrafine particles sticking onto the linings of our lungs or penetrating our bloodstream.

The Solution

As Dyson is in the business of clean, they have developed a smart purifier solution to help households in Malaysia take charge of their respiratory health. From mould to ultrafine allergens, odours and pollutants, the Dyson Pure Cool Link has you covered. With a 360° Glass HEPA filter, it captures 99.95% of particles down to the size of 0.1microns*, more than other purifiers.

Intelligent Purification, with real-time data

The Dyson Pure Cool Link has been engineered with intelligent purification. Equipped with smart sensors, it automatically monitors the environment for pollutants, and presents the information to you live via the Dyson Link app (compatible with both iOS and Android). When harmful pollutants are detected, it automatically purifies the air, and reports the results live to the application.

Now you can track and monitor the indoor air quality levels at all times – even when you’re not at home.

As a 2-in-1 machine, the Dyson Pure Cool Link purifying fan uses the Air Multiplier™ technology to circulate purified air across the room, cooling you down on warmer days if required.

So if you’re ready to get a good dose of fresh, clean air,